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初一英语语法:主谓一致

2019-07-25 15:33

来源:网络

作者:南昌新东方

初一英语语法:主谓一致
 1. 语法一致的原则
  2. 意义一致的原则
  3. 邻近一致的原则
  谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
  1. 语法一致的原则
  (1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:
  He goes to school early every morning.
  The children are playing outside.
  To work hard is necessary for a student.
  (2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
  Both he and I are right.
  Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
  但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
  His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
  The poet and writer has come.
  (3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
  In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
  Each man and each woman is asked to help.
  (4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
  The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
  Nobody but two boys was late for class.
  Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
  (5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
  A lot of people are dancing outside.
  The police are looking for lost boy.
  (6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:
  Is everybody ready?
  Somebody is using the phone.
  (7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
  Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
  Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
  如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:
  Here are some new pairs of shoes.
  My new pair of socks is on the bed.
  2. 意义一致的原则
  (1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:
  Twenty years is not a long time.
  Ten dollars is too dear.
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