下面我们用TPO41第一篇环境科学讲座的段落举个例子。这篇文章主要讲的是沙漠里的不同种类的植物适应气候变化的方式。我们先看一下原文的一个段落

So first of, there are succulent plants. There are many species of succulent plants, but they all can absorb and store a lot of water. Obviously, the opportunity to get water in desert are few and far between. Generally, rains are light and short. So the rain doesn’t seep too far down into the soil. And there is limited window of time for any plants to get the water before it evaporates, but succulent plants have spread-out and shallow root systems that can quickly pull water from the top inch of soil, though the soil has to be saturated, since succulent aren’t good at absorbing water from the soil that only a little moist. Succulent plants are also well suited to retaining water, important in environment where raining days are rare. Succulent plants can store water in their leaves, in their stems or in their the roots, And to keep their moisture to evaporate in that hot desert sun, most succulent plants have waxy outer layer that makes them almost waterproof where their stomata are closed. They also preserve water by minimizing their surface area. The more of the plants is out in the sun, the more potential there is to lose stored up water, and that means most succulent has few if any leaves.